The Three Great Emperor-Officials, Yao 堯 the Official of Heaven ( Tiānguān 天官), Shun 舜 the Official of Earth ( Deguān 地官), and Yu 禹 the Official of Water ( Shuǐguān 水官). [ citation needed] [ further explanation needed] According to the Avesta, the sacred text of the Zoroastrians, wolves are a creation from the 'darkness' of the evil spirit Ahriman, and are ranked among the most cruel of animals. [25] and belong to the daevas. The Bundahishn, which is a Middle Persian text on the Zoroastrian creation myth, has a chapter dedicated to the 'nature of wolves' as seen in Zoroastrian mythology and belief. Qixing Niangniang ("Lady of the Seven Stars") is a goddess that represents the seven visible stars of the Big Dipper or Great Chariot. Milburn, Olivia (2016). The Spring and Autumn Annals of Master Yan. Sinica Leidensia. BRILL. ISBN 978-9004309661. p. 343, note 17.

Pregadio, Fabrizio (2013). The Encyclopedia of Taoism. Routledge. ISBN 978-1135796341. Two volumes: 1) A-L; 2) L-Z. Eisler, Robert (1951). Man into wolf: an anthropological interpretation of sadism, 2, and lycanthropy. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. ASIN B0000CI25D. The cult of Mazu has its origin in Fujian, but it has expanded throughout southern China and in many northern provinces, chiefly in localities along the coast, as well as among expatriate Chinese communities. [68]

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Bernd Heinrich theorizes that Geri and Freki, along with Odin and his ravens Huginn and Muninn, reflect a symbiosis observed in the natural world among ravens, wolves, and humans on the hunt:

Benjamin Thorpe translation: Geri and Freki the war-wont sates, the triumphant sire of hosts; but on wine only the famed in arms, Odin, ever lives. [6] Xiwangmu ( 西王母 "Queen Mother of the West"), [ii] identified with the Kunlun Mountain, shamanic inspiration, death, and immortality. [50] [51] She is the dark, chthonic goddess, pure yin, at the same time terrifying and benign, both creation and destruction, associated with the tiger and weaving. [52] Her male counterpart is Dongwanggong ( 東王公 "King Duke of the East"; [iii] also called Mugong, 木公 "Duke of the Woods"), [53] who represents the yang principle. [52]Scholars have also noted Indo-European parallels to the wolves Geri and Freki as companions of a divinity. 19th century scholar Jacob Grimm observed a connection between this aspect of Odin's character and the Greek Apollo, to whom both the wolf and the raven are sacred. [19] Philologist Maurice Bloomfield further connected the pair with the two dogs of Yama in Vedic mythology, and saw them as a Germanic counterpart to a more general and widespread Indo-European " Cerberus"-theme. [20] Speidel finds similar parallels in the Vedic Rudra and the Roman Mars. Elaborating on the connection between wolves and figures of great power, he writes: "This is why Geri and Freki, the wolves at Woden's side, also glowered on the throne of the Anglo-Saxon kings. Wolf-warriors, like Geri and Freki, were not mere animals but mythical beings: as Woden's followers they bodied forth his might, and so did wolf-warriors." [18]