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Sunrise and sunset times for Longyearbyen". Suncurves. Archived from the original on 29 April 2014 . Retrieved 28 April 2014. Vedrørende AM-sendinger fra Ingøy og Longyearbyen" (PDF). Radio Nordkapp (in Norwegian Bokmål). 11 June 2019 . Retrieved 12 September 2023.
It's commonly believed that the vault's purpose is to help humanity reboot in the event of a major global disaster. While that's true, the vault has already proved its worth. In 2015, the Vault returned some seeds to Syrian scientists working to preserve and duplicate their seeds in the face of conflict. Hottest Ever Day Recorded in Arctic Svalbard". 25 July 2020. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020 . Retrieved 25 July 2020. Among Scandinavian flags, all flags show the Scandinavian Cross (also called Nordic Cross or Crusader's Cross) as illustrated above. The "Cross Flag" is Scandinavia's historic flag pattern showing a + stretching to all four sides of the flag. The vertical bar of the Scandinavian Cross is moved toward the flag's left side. Svalbard remained unaffected by the German occupation of Norway in 1940. However, from 1941 the archipelago became of strategic importance in the supply chain between the Allied powers, as well as a source of badly needed coal. The Norwegian government-in-exile rejected a Soviet–British occupation; [6] :74 instead the British Army started Operation Gauntlet to evacuate Spitsbergen. On 29 August 1941, the entire population of Ny-Ålesund was evacuated to Longyearbyen, and on 3 September 765 people were evacuated from Longyearbyen to Scotland. Later, the last 150 men were also evacuated. [4] :73 With Longyearbyen depopulated, a small German garrison and air strip were established in Adventdalen, mostly to provide meteorological data. After the British Operation Fritham regained control of Barentsburg, the German forces left Longyearbyen without combat. [6] :75
Government
As of 2020 [update], Longyearbyen had a population of 1,753 people. The largest regional group of Norwegians are from Northern Norway, particularly Nordland and Troms, who make up more than 40% of the population. [28] Roughly 300 people (16%) are non-Norwegian citizens, with the largest nationalities being from Thailand, Sweden, Russia and Ukraine. [29] Because of the dominance of the mining industry, the gender distribution is skewed, with 60% of adults being males. Longyearbyen has an over-average share of its population between 25 and 44 years old, but nearly no residents over 66. The number of children in relation to the population is at the national average, but Longyearbyen has significantly fewer teenagers than the national average. [28]
Polarjazz Festivalen – Festival in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen". Visit Svalbard (in Norwegian Bokmål). Archived from the original on 4 February 2020 . Retrieved 23 January 2020.Svalbard and Jan Mayen ( Norwegian: Svalbard og Jan Mayen, ISO 3166-1 alpha-2: SJ, ISO 3166-1 alpha-3: SJM, ISO 3166-1 numeric: 744) is a statistical designation defined by ISO 3166-1 for a collective grouping of two remote jurisdictions of Norway: Svalbard and Jan Mayen. While the two are combined for the purposes of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) category, they are not administratively related. This has further resulted in the country code top-level domain .sj being issued for Svalbard and Jan Mayen, and ISO 3166-2:SJ. The United Nations Statistics Division also uses this code, but has named it the Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands. Information for foreign citizens living in Longyearbyen". Governor of Svalbard. 15 August 2011. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012 . Retrieved 14 March 2012. Research and education is another important industry. Students from all over the world come to study at the University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), which focuses on Arctic research in the fields of biology, geology, geophysics and technology. Longyearbyen also has support functions every community is reliant on, such as a hospital, school, kindergartens, sports hall, church and cultural centre. The seasons of Longyearbyen
In the 1960s, the town's farm was closed and replaced by industrial liquefaction of powdered milk. [4] :86 The first serial-produced snowmobile was taken into use in 1961. By 1969, there were 140 registered snowmobiles and only 33 registered cars. [4] :69 From 1962 to 1984, a recreational centre was run at Sverdrupbyen. [4] :143 Ordinary operation in Mine 4 started in 1966 but was terminated by 1970, [4] :48 two years after Mine 2b closed. [4] :47 Operations in Mine 6 commenced in 1969. [4] :48 Television broadcasting equipment was installed in 1969, with the schedule of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation being aired with a two-week delay. [4] :150 The community council runs a number of cultural activities, such as a cinema, a youth club, a library and a gallery. [49] Svalbard Church of the Church of Norway has the entire archipelago as its parish. The congregational hall is 126m 2 (1,360sqft) while the sitting room is 112m 2 (1,210sqft). The church is built in half-timber. [4] :126 There are two museums in town, Svalbard Museum [50] and the Spitsbergen Airship Museum. [51] Solfestuka ("Sun Festival Week") takes place each year during the week surrounding 8 March, the date sunlight is first visible in most of the town after the polar night that began the previous October (the first official sunrise is usually 16 February, but most of the town is still in shadow due to the surrounding mountains). [52] Dark Season Blues has been held annually in October since 2003. [53] Polarjazz has been held in late January/early February since 1998. [54] Twenty residents of the town are members of the Liverbirds Svalbard and regularly meet in the Svalbar on match days during the winter months. Arctic Film Festival is a film festival which held annually in the city's screening venue, Kulturhuset. [55] [56] Sports [ edit ] a b "Svalbard Treaty". Governor of Svalbard. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011 . Retrieved 4 March 2012.Svalbard is a group of islands in the Arctic Ocean. It is the most northern part of Norway. It is about halfway between mainland Norway and the North Pole. Spitsbergen is the largest island, followed by Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya. The islands are governed by the Governor of Svalbard. The government is located at Longyearbyen. Other settlements include research outposts, the Russian mining community of Barentsburg, the research community of Ny-Ålesund and the mining outpost of Sveagruva. Mining in Mine 1b was terminated in 1958, [4] :47 but operation in Mine 5 started the following year. Preliminary work on Mine 4 started in 1954, and from 1960 it was used as a reserve mine. [4] :48 The Norwegian Air Force started serving Longyearbyen with postal flights in the 1950s. In 1959, a man fell seriously ill, so a landing strip was prepared in Adventdalen. From the same year, Braathens SAFE started serving the tundra airport with irregular winter flights. [8] :154–158 In 1957, a principal was hired at the primary school and a new church was opened on 24 August 1958. [4] :126 From 1961, the primary school was supplemented by a private middle school. [4] :114 A branch of Tromsø Sparebank opened in 1959. [4] :16 Sentrale Svalbard-politikere gir seg – slakter ny valgordning" (in Norwegian Bokmål). NRK. 20 September 2022 . Retrieved 28 July 2023. As Svalbard is part of the Kingdom of Norway, the Norwegian flag is recognized and used as the de facto flag of the archipelago. It represents the authority and sovereignty of Norway over the territory and is flown on official buildings, vessels, and during national and local events. There was also a proposal with the left-half of the flag red, and the right-half white, and 10 maple leaves across the whole flag. [ citation needed]
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