RHS Encyclopedia of Gardening New Edition

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Ranelagh pleasure gardens". British Library. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023 . Retrieved 23 June 2022. The Self-Sufficient Gardener Podcast--Episode 24 Companion Planting and Crop Rotation". Archived from the original on 18 September 2010 . Retrieved 2010-08-13. Rootball - the roots and accompanying soil when a plant is removed from a container or lifted from the ground Germination - the physical and chemical changes that take place as a seed starts to grow and develop into a plant

The term precision agriculture is sometimes used [ by whom?] to describe gardening using intermediate technology (more than tools, less than harvesters), especially of organic varieties. Gardening is effectively scaled up to feed entire villages of over 100 people from specialized plots. A variant is the community garden which offers plots to urban dwellers. Anne Scott-James, The Cottage Garden (London: Lane) 1981, demythologised the origins of the English cottage garden, and its treasured topiary among the vegetables and flowers, popularly supposed to represent heirlooms from the seventeenth century. Ferris, John; Norman, Carol; Sempik, Joe (December 2001). "People, Land and Sustainability: Community Gardens and the Social Dimension of Sustainable Development". Social Policy & Administration. 35 (5): 559–568. doi: 10.1111/1467-9515.t01-1-00253. ISSN 0144-5596. Assyria was renowned for its beautiful gardens. These tended to be wide and large, some of them used for hunting game—rather like a game reserve today—and others as leisure gardens. Cypresses and palms were some of the most frequently planted types of trees.People can express their political or social views in gardens, intentionally or not. The lawn vs. garden issue is played out in urban planning as the debate over the " land ethic" that is to determine urban land use and whether hyper hygienist bylaws (e.g. weed control) should apply, or whether land should generally be allowed to exist in its natural wild state. In a famous Canadian Charter of Rights case, "Sandra Bell vs. City of Toronto", 1997, the right to cultivate all native species, even most varieties deemed noxious or allergenic, was upheld as part of the right of free expression.

GardenWeb is an online community of and for gardeners. In addition to forums, blogs, and photo galleries, GardenWeb has an impressive collection of gardening resources, including a glossary of botanical terms, a searchable database with plant images and information, and a directory of gardens and gardening organizations. Surprising Health Benefits of Gardening | UNC Health Talk". healthtalk.unchealthcare.org. 18 May 2020. Archived from the original on 15 January 2023 . Retrieved 20 February 2021. In respect to its food-producing purpose, gardening is distinguished from farming chiefly by scale and intent. Farming occurs on a larger scale, and with the production of salable goods as a major motivation. Gardening happens on a smaller scale, primarily for pleasure and to produce goods for the gardener's own family or community. There is some overlap between the terms, particularly in that some moderate-sized vegetable growing concerns, often called market gardening, can fit in either category. [37] By the late 13th century, rich Europeans began to grow gardens for leisure and for medicinal herbs and vegetables. [4] They surrounded the gardens by walls to protect them from animals and to provide seclusion. [5] During the next two centuries, Europeans started planting lawns and raising flowerbeds and trellises of roses. Fruit trees were common in these gardens and also in some, there were turf seats. At the same time, the gardens in the monasteries were a place to grow flowers and medicinal herbs but they were also a space where the monks could enjoy nature and relax. Islamic gardens were built after the model of Persian gardens and they were usually enclosed by walls and divided in four by watercourses. Commonly, the centre of the garden would have a reflecting pool or pavilion. Specific to the Islamic gardens are the mosaics and glazed tiles used to decorate the rills and fountains that were built in these gardens.

Gardening is an art and a science. It takes not only intuition and a sense of aesthetics, but also solid information. Every skilled gardener benefits from both experience and scientific know-how, and most have shelves full of gardening books. Gardeners now have the added resource of the Internet for opinions, ideas, and information.

a b "A Brief History of Gardening". Archived from the original on 6 October 2018 . Retrieved 4 June 2010. Gardening can also support good numbers and a wide range of pollinators, but worryingly bees and other pollinators are in decline. Gardeners can make a difference to help reverse this trend. [33] The main thing that matters is that they get their share of nectar to fuel their busy lifestyles, [34] and this is where gardening can help them. Henry, M.; Beguin, M.; Requier, F.; Rollin, O.; Odoux, J.-F.; Aupinel, P.; Aptel, J.; Tchamitchian, S.; Decourtye, A. (2012). "A Common Pesticide Decreases Foraging Success and Survival in Honey Bees" (PDF). Science. 336 (6079): 348–350. Bibcode: 2012Sci...336..348H. doi: 10.1126/science.1215039. PMID 22461498. S2CID 41186355. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 November 2020. The RHS Encyclopedia of Gardening has a full and comprehensive glossary of gardening terms. Buy a copy of this essential guide to gardening and have a full and informative reference guide to all things horticultural. Also gaining popularity is the concept of "Green Gardening" which involves growing plants using organic fertilizers and pesticides so that the gardening process – or the flowers and fruits produced thereby – doesn't adversely affect the environment or people's health in any manner.Ancient Roman gardens were laid out with hedges and vines and contained a wide variety of flowers— acanthus, cornflowers, crocus, cyclamen, hyacinth, iris, ivy, lavender, lilies, myrtle, narcissus, poppy, rosemary and violets [4]—as well as statues and sculptures. Flower beds were popular in the courtyards of rich Romans. Gardening in its ornamental sense needs a certain level of civilization before it can flourish. Wherever that level has been attained, in all parts of the world and at all periods, people have made efforts to shape their environment into an attractive display. The instinct and even enthusiasm for gardening thus appear to arise from some primitive response to nature, engendering a wish to produce growth and harmony in a creative partnership with it.

Hügelkultur is concerned with growing plants on piles of rotting wood, as a form of raised bed gardening and composting in situ. [13] An English loanword from German, it means "mound garden." Toby Hemenway, noted permaculture author and teacher, considers wood buried in trenches to also be a form of hugelkultur referred to as a dead wood swale. [14] Hugelkultur is practiced by Sepp Holzer as a method of forest gardening and agroforestry, and by Geoff Lawton as a method of dryland farming and desert greening. [15] When used as a method of disposing of large volumes of waste wood and woody debris, hugelkultur accomplishes carbon sequestration. [13] It is also a form of xeriscaping. Wealthy ancient Egyptians used gardens for providing shade. Egyptians associated trees and gardens with gods, believing that their deities were pleased by gardens. Gardens in ancient Egypt were often surrounded by walls with trees planted in rows. Among the most popular species planted were date palms, sycamores, fig trees, nut trees, and willows. These gardens were a sign of higher socioeconomic status. In addition, wealthy ancient Egyptians grew vineyards, as wine was a sign of the higher social classes. Roses, poppies, daisies and irises could all also be found in the gardens of the Egyptians. Gardening Is a Hedge Against Supply Chain Disruptions". 16 July 2022. Archived from the original on 19 July 2022 . Retrieved 19 July 2022. In ancient India, patterns from sacred geometry and mandalas were used to design gardens. Distinct mandala patterns denoted specific deities, planets, or even constellations. Such a garden was also referred to as a 'Mandala Vaatika'. The word 'Vaatika' can mean garden, plantation or parterre. Stirn, Isma'il Kushkush,Matt. "Why Sudan's Remarkable Ancient Civilization Has Been Overlooked by History". Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on 12 July 2021 . Retrieved 23 August 2020. {{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)Systemic / translocated weedkiller - a weedkiller that is absorbed and distributed through a plant when applied to leaves All your gardening questions are answered in this updated classic guide to planning, planting, and caring for your outside space. Ryrie, Charlie (2004). The Cottage Garden: How to Plan and Plant a Garden That Grows Itself. Collins & Brown. p.7. ISBN 978-1-84340-216-9. Where to Start When You’re New to Gardening 9 of the best gardening books for beginners who are starting from scratch